Below is a code snippet showing how the F() is used. A detailed understanding of the software implementation is best accomplished by reviewing the code and comments. An SMS alert is sent if the gateway does not receive transmissions from a given remote within a configurable number of 10 minute intervals. The advantage of LoRa is the range and the power consumption, which makes it suitable to control a vast area without spending the time to swap batteries. Competent soldering skills are needed to assemble the hardware, in particular to solder SMT uFL connectors to the LoRa radio breakout and Feather boards. Note that the the F() function only works on a single string, it won't work on strings that change, or with any other variable type. Characters outside the square brackets are ignored and only included in the file to label the authentication data strings. The cable on the DS18B20 Temperature Sensor. Displays local date and time upon a successful NTP update. Display battery voltage to Feather 32u4 RFM95 LoRa Radio boards in each station. Here we take a look at the TinyGS Lora Satellite project and how to receive their transmissions. A detailed description of the operation of each menu item is included in Step: LoRa IOT Gateway User Interface. In the current gateway software, the AdafruitIO (AIO) Username and Key are saved in a header file AIO_Account.h as follows: The gateway software must be recompiled with your AIO username and key in the AIO_Account.h file. Here on the sensor node, we will use the Arduino Nano board and SX1278 LoRa-02 Transceiver module. TEMBOO_ACCOUNT: user specified name of the Temboo account, TEMBOO_APP_KEY_NAME: user specified name of the application, TEMBOO_APP_KEY: generated by the Temboo site, SS_Title: user specified title/name of the Google Sheets document for cloud data storage, SS_RefreshToken: generated by the Temboo site during Google Sheets choreo set up, SS_ClientSecret: generated by the Temboo site during Google Sheets choreo set up, SS_ClientID: generated by the Temboo site during Google Sheets choreo set up, EM_Subject: user defined subject for email / SMS message. CONCLUSION The designed model is a scalable system to monitor and control greenhouse sensors, temperature, humidity, and moisture sensors of LoRa based framework for Smart greenhouse monitoring system. Cycle through stations by pressing UP and DOWN buttons. 4.2. Data is sent to the cloud hourly at 2 minutes past the hour. The user interface experience will be significantly degraded if cheap, hard to press push button switches are substituted. Very comprehensive 'ible' Rod. The system is composed of four parts: the LoRa terminal nodes, the LoRa base station, the cloud server and the user platform, as shown in Fig. LoRa technology will serve as the backbone of our design for the wireless network system to monitor and control Mount the SMA connector and cable assembly. Display station Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) in dBm as reported by LoRa Radio in each station. It is pin compatible with the current LoRa Edge devices, allowing module makers such as Murata to have a single hardware design for a wide range of . This is made possible through the merger of advanced sensor and data transmission technology on one hand and Lindcom's user-friendly eStock software platform on the other hand - enabling both end users such as . ---- At 40 minutes past the hour, reinitialize the LoRa Radio. The monitoring system implemented in the LoRa end node is composed of four key elements that are depicted in Figure 3: an acquisition module, which performs sampling and quantization of the incoming sound;a pre-processing module for data representation and feature extraction; Interrupts are disabled while executing the LCD Main Menu function. Ultra-low-power SAM R34/35 LoRa device family with sleep currents down to 790 nA. Semtech Corp. is collaborating with Smart Paddock to include its LoRa devices and the LoRaWAN standard into Smart Paddock's Bluebell smart global positioning system (GPS) ear tag. Refer to the Adafruit website for detailed information on the following steps: Solder the four pin female header to the FeatherWing prototyping board according to the picture above so the SHT31-D VIN and GND pins are connected to the 3.3V and GND rails, respectively, on the FeatherWing prototyping board. Radio data loggers use Smart Sensors, always supplied with a calibration certificate, which allow quick and easy recalibration of the entire system. The ParentLink School Bus Tracking App For Parents is part of a robust and secure school bus tracking and fleet management software. As a homeowner, other than fire, the greatest fear is water, whether it's a sudden and catastrophic pipe or fixture failure, or a slow leak that goes undetected over time. The Ethernet Shield is plugged into the Arduino Mega. LoRaWAN network. The uFL connector on the RF Adapter Cable is plugged into the uFl connector soldered on to the RFM95W. The lower data rates combined with the propagation characteristics at 915-MHz (versus 2.4- and 5-GHz for WiFi) enable very reliable radio links to be established around the largest home environments. Adafruit libraries are used for initializing and reading temperature and humidity values from the SHT31 sensor. Trap failures are caught immediately and alerts emailed to users via secure gateway and cloud services. The focus with the Remote Units was more about cost. The network server controls the virtualized MAC layer of the LoRaWAN network while gateways are devices pre-integrated with the network server to ease the LPWAN rollout and provisioning. The batteries are , Helios is the heart of the DeepWave system: it receives data from LoRa and saves them in the database of TSLog 21, the management software that can be validated, Smart Sensor temperature sensor for wireless data logger of the DeepWave system with LoRa technology, with thin cable (2 mm in diameter) for passage on door , Smart temperature sensor for radio data logger of the DeepWave system with LoRa Wan technology, for ultra freezers starting from temperatures from -80 C, , Smart temperature sensor for radio data logger of the DeepWave system with LoRa Wan technology, for ovens and climatic chambers starting from temperatures up to, Simple and certified temperature and humidity monitoring thanks to Smart Sensors for the DeepWave radio data logger system with LoRa. -- Update line 2 of the LCD if in Last Station display mode and new station data has been received. Strip and tin the two wires at the end of the solar panel cable, and route the cable though the hole in the bottom side of the enclosure. For the next release, could you add a relay for blinds or the like? The following code is used to enable Watch Dog Timer (WDT) sleep mode and set the prescaler to its maximum value which causes the WDT to wake up the processor every ~8 seconds. LoRa refers to a wireless modulation that enables communication with very low power consumption. Why not use WiFi? For example, below is the Display Mode enumeration and corresponding character array with Display Mode strings. Called from the main program loop every ten minutes to check if Lost Contact, High Humidity, or Low Battery alert needs to be sent. LoRa is a long range, low power wireless technology developed by Semtech for the Internet of Things. It is an ultra-long-distance wireless transmission scheme based on frequency modulation spread spectrum technology. . We need to select a low power Arduino Board.So, Arduino Pro Mini is the best board that works on 3.3V & runs on 8 MHz Clock Frequency. This process is reversed in the gateway software to extract the bytes from the wireless packet and map them back into the corresponding floating point value. To avoid collisions, in the SX1276 version, I implemented listen-before-talk using the RegModemStat register. The photo above shows the SMS (text) Notification and Alerts. The dashboard is updated every ten minutes. Drill holes for mounting the solar panel to the Lexan, and holes for bolting the assembly to the solar radiation shield. ---- At 30 minutes past the hour, send an SMS Notification. Additional stations and station data can be stored by editing the spreadsheetUpdate() function and adding the corresponding column headers to the Google Sheets document. Memory capacity of the SD Card is not critical. 4. Strengthening compliance to industry standards. The updateStationDisplay() functions creates the string lastStationDisplay which contains the station data displayed on line 2 of the LCD according to the Display Mode selected. For example, the SMS Gateway addresses for the four major US MNOs are as follows: AT&T: [insert 10-digit number]@txt.att.net, Sprint: [insert 10-digit number]@messaging.sprintpcs.com, T-Mobile: [insert 10-digit number]@tmomail.net, Verizon: [insert 10-digit number]@vtext.com. 1 x Arduino Mega 2560 R3, Adafruit PID 191, 1 x Ethernet Shield for Arduino - W5500 Chipset, Adafruit PID 2971, 1 x I2C / SPI Character LCD Backpack, Adafruit PID 292, 1 x Perma-Proto Half-sized Breadboard PCB, Adafruit PID 1609, 1 x RFM95W LoRa Transceiver Breakout 868 or 915 MHz, Adafruit PID 3072, 1 x uFL SMT Antenna Connector, Adafruit PID 1661, 1 x SMA to uFL/u.FL/IPX/IPEX RF Adapter Cable, Adafruit PID 851, 1 x Antenna 916 MHz 1/2 Wave SMA, Digikey PN ANT-916-CW-HWR-SMA-ND, 1 X LCD 2X16 Character Blue, Digikey PN NHD-0216K1Z-NSB-FBW-L-ND, 4 x Switch Push SPDT 0.4A 20V, Digikey PN CKN1633-ND, 4 x CAP Pushbutton Round Black, Digikey PN CKN1210-ND, 2 x Grove - Universal 4 Pin 20cm Cable, Seeed Studios, PN ACC11317O, 1 x Wall Adapter Power Supply - 9VDC 650mA, Sparkfun PN TOL-00298, 1 x MicroSD Card with Adapter - 8GB, Sparkfun COM-11609, 1 x Custom Front Panel, Front Panel Express, 1 x Custom Rear Panel, Front Panel Express. 1 x Feather 32u4 RFM95 LoRa Radio, Adafruit PID 3078, 1 x FeatherWing Doubler prototyping board, Adafruit PID 2890, 1 x Small plastic project enclosure, weatherproof, Adafruit PID 903, 1 x Polymer Lithium Ion Battery, 2000mAh, Sparkfun SKU PRT-08483, 1 x Sunny Buddy - MPPT solar charger, Sparkfun SKU PRT-12885, 1 x Solar Panel, 2W, Sparkfun SKU PRT-13781, 1 x DS18B20 Temperature Sensor, waterproof, Sparkfun SKU SEN-11050, 1 x BME280 Atmospheric sensor breakout, Sparkfun SKU SEN-13676, 2 x Screw terminals, 3.5mm pitch (2-pin), Sparkfun SKU PRT-08084, 1 x Davis Instruments Solar Radiation Shield 7714, Amazon. Adjust calibration factor so local station pressure matches pressure reported by NOAA, Weather.com, or other weather authority for station city or zip code. -------- Check to see if an Alert needs to be sent. The Polymer Lithium Ion Battery, Sunny Buddy - MPPT solar charger, FeatherWing Doubler prototyping board, and Feather 32u4 RFM95 LoRa Radio board are mounted in the small plastic project enclosure. I really must do something similar. These entries bookend the menu items, allowing menu items to be added without having to explicitly keep track of the number of menu items. Adafruit provides tools for creating a dashboard that can be used for graphical display of the feeds. An enumeration (enum) is used to index the LCD Main Menu items. The outdoor station software is based on the indoor station software, so only the differences are highlighted in this step. The main program loop() performs the following functions each time through the loop: -- Check if the FUNC push button switch has been pressed - if yes, call Function() to execute the LCD menu routines. Station names have a maximum of nine characters. LoRa also refers to the systems that support the modulation, including LoRa chips and gateways. Share it with us! Reads the packet into the remote station data array, and adds RSSI and contact time to the array. In Wang et al., 2017, the transmission performance of LoRa, from LoRa end devices to the LoRa gateway under different transmission powers, antenna angles, and payload lengths, is measured by using a PM2.5 air quality monitoring system. Depending on conditions, signals can reach 10 to 15 kilometers. This study proposes a smart long-range (LoRa) sensing node to timely collect the air quality information and update it on the cloud. Conclusions. LoRa is the range performance and increased longevity of battery life offered by LoRa protocols. The Wireless Weather Station requires Sender and Receiver circuit to communicate wirelessly. 300 - 1100 mBar. wireless communication technologies such as LoRa, SigFox, or narrowband IoT (NB-IoT). The following functions are used to manipulate the lines on the LCD and simplify the code. Set humidity threshold on a per station basis to trigger an alert. Fixed Station Mode: Displays either temperature or humidity for a designated station. Updates are displayed immediately when a station report is received. The LoRa/LoRaWAN technology stack is the best choice for connected cities because of its long signal range and minimal power requirements. The Perma-Proto Half-sized Breadboard PCB and BME280 Atmospheric sensor breakout board are mounted in the Davis Instruments Solar Radiation Shield. Sends an SMS notification with all zero data to verify Temboo and Google Gmail authentication is working. To show the status of the monitoring system such as temperature, humidity, air quality. Performs a hard reset of the LoRa radio. It consists of a series of radio data loggers with long distance transmission (LoRa protocol) available in numerous versions, and a receiver connected to the TSLog 21 software . Cloud Energy's wireless solar power system featuring LoRa devices and LoRaWAN connectivity provides comprehensive, accurate and independent data management from inverters, electricity meters and sensors to inform site owners, and saves customers more than 30% on initial investment for a monitoring system. The gateway expects the IP address to be assigned via DHCP, and displays the IP address assigned. Reads Temboo and Google authentication data from the SD Card. LCD Display Mode = Last Station Temperature. Connect the tinned wire ends of the JST 2-pin cable to the "Load" terminal block on the Sunny Buddy, red wire to "+" and black wire to "-". Visit Google to set up an account for everything Google, including Gmail and Google Drive. Roughly speaking, the IOT Gateway ~$200, each of the Indoor Stations $50, and the Outdoor Station ~$175 including the solar radiation shield. The setup code initializes the various Arduino pins used in the gateway, initializes the SD Card and LCD, and then calls a sequence of initialization routines. Plug the battery JST connector into the "BATT" connector on the Sunny Buddy. Apply silicon sealant around the three cable entry holes in the bottom side of the enclosure. In certain cases, the enumeration is also used to index into a character array for the corresponding string to be displayed on the LCD. Given the limitation of 160 characters in an SMS message, temperature and humidity for up to four stations can typically be included in the notification. Upon exiting the LCD Main Menu function and returning to the main program loop, an NTP update is called to correctly restore system time as time keeping is not running while the gateway is executing the LCD Main Menu function. The EEPROM routines initialize, read, and write the EEPROM data structure below. Under investigation for a future software release is implemention of a webserver on the gateway to serve the gauges directly for the realtime dashboard without requiring an MQTT connection or AdafruitIO. DeepWave is the complete solution for real-time monitoring in rooms, warehouses, fridges, cold rooms, ultra freezers. Program the Feather board with Outdoor Station software. It was developed by a French company called Cycleo. The SMA connector of the RF Adapter Cable is a panel mount type and installed on the rear panel of the enclosure. The Things Network (TTN) is a crowdsourced, open, and decentralized LoRaWAN network . Thanks for the feedback! The four conductor cable to the BME280 in the solar radiation shield. The intent of the UI framework objective is to make all user based configuration parameters accessible without requiring code changes and recompilation. IoT Into The Wild Project - LoRa Enabled Smart Farm and Animal Husbandry Monitoring System Advantage of proposed Project Solution Agricultural Farms which comes in these areas like (shadow regions) of connectivity (No GSM/WiFi/Ethernet), and which are in the vicinity (5-10Km) from well connected cities can be easily monitored and automatized. Sends a spreadsheet update row with all zero data to the Google Sheets on Google Drive to verify Temboo and Google Drive authentication is working. How It Works. Adafruit has a very good tutorial that explains Adafruit account set up, creation of AdafruitIO keys, creating feeds, and creating a dashboard. Enclosure Preparation & Solar Power Supply. Drill holes in the Lexan to accommodate bolts to mount the Sunny Buddy. ---- At 3 minutes past the hour, update system time using Network Timing Protocol (NTP). The WSN based smart home monitoring system using LoRa is designed with 4 WSN nodes and the snapshots of the project model are well-defined in the figures. Refer to the Adafruit website for detailed information on the I2C / SPI Character LCD Backpack. ..LCD Routines. LoRa, essentially, is a clever . The LoRa sensors from Radio Bridge, a MultiTech brand, all run with the LoRaWAN protocol and are compatible with industry standard LoRaWAN gateways. A Receive Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) for each remote is accessible via the LCD functions to check wireless link quality. User configuration changes are made via a simple UI consisting of four push button switches and a 2 x 16 LCD. Builds the notification message to be emailed to the MNO email-to-SMS gateway. For example, the next software release will include a Display Mode that displays both temperature and humidity. LoRa enables the realization of simple, reliable, and energy efficient wireless telemetry links in the home between remote stations and a hub/gateway. The second Grove universal cable is used to make the ground connection to the Arduino at the UART grove connector on the Ethernet Shield, the connector on the other end of cable was cut off - only the ground connection is used, so the remaining wires can be cutoff at the connector plugged into the Ehternet Shield as shown in the photo. Drill holes in the Lexan to match the two mounting points in the bottom of the enclosure and accommodate the mounting screws included with the enclosure. The UP/DOWN buttons are only used during configuration, and the only laborious task is editing the station names using the UP/DOWN buttons to cycle through the characters. LoRa IOT Gateway software uses one ISR attached to the FUNC push button switch. You can integrate a larger number of CO2 monitoring devices into a single system, while monitoring them from a . Communications in the LoRa IOT Home Environment Monitoring System is currently one-way from the remote station to the gateway; that is, the gateway is always receiving and does not transmit, and the remote stations periodically transmit but receivers are never enabled. The push button switches have common (c), normally open (no), and normally closed (nc) terminals. SHENZHEN, China, March 15, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Seeed Studio, the IoT Hardware Partner, announced its latest roadmap of an advanced perception system of modules, devices and solutions. The push button switches used have a good tactile feel, and can be pressed with having to hold down the enclosure on most surfaces. For sending SMS, ten digit mobile phone number @ operator email-to-SMS gateway address. For the IOT Gateway I wanted to make sure I had enough memory to support current and future features. Thanks very much Rod. "The team hopes that eAgrar will provide more information to LoRa Alliance on LinkedIn: LoRa . Additional authenication or other strings can be added by increasing the size of the gatewayData array and adding corresponding entries to the enumeration. Use the hookup wire to make the following connections on the underside of the prototyping board: The SDA and SCL pins are designated on the prototyping board and are in the top right corner of the prototyping board in the picture above. An extremely long battery life is essential for long distance remote testing/data acquisition as well as for field service condition monitoring operations. LoRaWAN is the protocol that runs "on top of" the LoRa modulation which manages the network connectivity. Display updates once per minute. A wire is soldered to each of the normally open switch terminals, and a male header soldered to the other end for plugging into the respective pin on Arduino stacking headers as detailed below. 5 years ago. When the WDT wakes up the processor, the Interrup Service Routine (ISR) increments a variable stateTime to count 8 second increments of time, and the loop() function is executed once, finally putting the processor back in sleep mode. The EEPROMex.h readBlock() and updateBlock() functions are used to read and write the EEPROM data structure. Referring to: https://www.baldengineer.com/arduino-f-macro.html. Using the simple battery operated 433-MHz link transmitters and a centrally located 433-MHz to LoRa relay works very well in a house. Mount the prototyping board to the solar radiation shield using the screw hardware supplied. 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