Disclaimer: IMF Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to encourage debate. 0000003924 00000 n Sub-Saharan Africa is particularly vulnerable to climate change. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an important discourse among national governments in Africa and international policy circles to increase food productivity, build smallholder farmers. With 189 member countries, staff from more than 170 countries, and offices in over 130 locations, the World Bank Group is a unique global partnership: five institutions working for sustainable solutions that reduce poverty and build shared prosperity in developing countries. endstream endobj 32 0 obj<>/Metadata 29 0 R/Pages 28 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 33 0 obj<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/Properties<>>>/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 34 0 obj<> endobj 35 0 obj<> endobj 36 0 obj<> endobj 37 0 obj<>stream 'W^P'ucuU u"M[w*j1/{e~u.p#4.T8E@]} 12GSI6Xt5ftyJ iQJIq4Ve&zF6Y3If[iaY8VYRadVoV}(k"F$UYfme?$ddOTo9zd~LE%[ f+rUr`'aGz1$tS ?ExrP)58vdL"*E*%;@/t$Jm\g:k4ee hb```: yAb@qPP8PPl'*5qit CR?O%LyHXC[s.b=Q[- \%0w KDGCGGGG@IH %@"@202&lp4fl~ The summits on sustainable development, financing and climate change are swinging . The findings revealed that agricultural communities should focus on the identification and application of adaptation strategies like CSA, and the adoption of appropriate CSA practices will play a vital role in ensuring sustainable livelihoods and improved community resilience for farming communities in the Mooifontein region. %%EOF The details you provide on this page will not be used to send unsolicited email, and will not be sold to a 3rd party. This paper presents some key considerations and examples of tradeoffs and complementarities across policies to address food insecurity. Margaret Karembu, the chairperson of Open Forum on Agricultural Biotechnology, Kenya, said that the decision by the Kenyan government to lift the ban will allow over 17 million farmers in Kenya to import GMO commodities and enhance food security. ; 0NcZX z@ 9R D (R Dominique Fayad International organization 0000250430 00000 n In an era of global warming, long-standing challenges for rural populations, including land inequality, poverty and food insecurity, risk being exacerbated by the effects of climate change. This paper synthesizes a subset of literature on CSA in the context of small-scale agriculture in . This is to ensure that we give you the best experience possible. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is one of the regions where climate change is expected to push the most people into poverty (39.7 million) if no concrete climate and development action takes place by 2050 (Jafino et al. Kanangire toldSciDev.Netthat influencing policy change and supporting Sub-Saharan Africa in creating the enabling environment needed to embrace these technologies have been their main goals. Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRESs) have been touted as an appropriate way for supplying electricity to remote and off-grid areas in developing countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Impacts of Climate Change.- Evaluating the Cost of Flood Damage Based on Changes in Extreme Rainfall in Japan.- Impact of Global Warming on Agricultural Product Markets: Stochastic World Food Model, East Africa, one of the most volatile regions in Africa, has been suffering from enormous problems caused by population growth, weak governance, war, and famine. An Operational Review of the World Banks portfolio at the Climate Migration Development Nexus underscores the wealth of good practice that can inform projects to innovate and devise more integrative solution by sharpening attention to underlying causes of migration along with immediate and urgent needs of the stakeholders; and where possible to design interventions that are proactive in anticipating future climate risks from slow- and rapid-onset climate impacts. African Agricultural Technology Foundation, Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), Bioengineered soybean boosts yields by a third, Sequencing 100,000 species to secure food supplies, New tech fights fall armyworm by letting offspring die, Maize gene could lure natural enemies of crop pests, Cassava breeding could impair yield by 20 per cent, Genomic models predict shorter time for banana breeding, Genetic markers against deadly cassava viruses found, Delay in using GM crops making Africa lose benefits, Q&A: Implementing Nigerias new biosafety law. ; This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. We face big challenges to help the worlds poorest people and ensure that everyone sees benefits from economic growth. g2&?G+T"uS)kQLX8{?Jmew^} =`.4]Hk`l'_Fs9(ImJdzUD@"HUv}n<9{snnV,j3w)X=cw==X- Z>2G>gP8 d3)27#=^.pb99pFn8dUVU)V>(xY\M$j"asEAC|Xa&7`7l~? Climate Change, all adopted in 2015, have become important determinants of EIB development cooperation. Results from simulation exercises suggest that if the climatic conditions (rainfall and temperatures) had . Figure 2.1. -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 Change in temperature relative to 1980 (degrees Celsius) World Sub-Saharan Africa We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Climate change is one of the potent challenges facing smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa in the recent past owing to the pattern and magnitude with which it presents the extreme events such as floods and drought. Since 2015, the Nationally Determined Contributions ( NDCs) to the Paris Agreement have become the main instrument for guiding policy responses to climate change. %PDF-1.6 % Sub-Saharan Africa needs an estimated $30 to $50 billion each year for the next decade in climate adaptation costs. This review finds a general consensus that climate change is already happening in the region and the projections in the early, mid and end century all point to a much warmer . Genetically engineered cowpea also known as black-eyed beans was developed to address the crops vulnerability to Maruca vitarta, a pest responsible for 80 per cent destruction of the West African staple, explained Ishiyaku Mohammed, a professor of plant breeding at the Institute for Agricultural Research of Nigerias Ahmadu Bello University. Effects of climate change on agriculture in Africa | McKinsey (PDF-2 MB) Climate change is expected to make agricultural development in Africa more challenging. ; Hence, it is fundamental to run biodiversity monitoring programs to understand the effects of climate change on, Climate change has become a major obstacle to most forest resources which had aimed to reduce poverty and enhance sustainable economy globally and Nigeria in particular. in Sub-Saharan Africa make informed decisions about the need to adapt to climate change or otherwise. Up to two-thirds of preventable illness and death from environmental hazards is experienced by children, with the burden predominantly in those aged under five years. Genetic engineering of crops in Africa is increasing after Kenya lifted ban, African scientists are scaling up GM technology to increase crop productivity, Scientists urge collaboration to address challenges of climate change. ; Results show that (i) climaterelated disasters have a significant negative impact on medium-term growth, especially for sub-Saharan Africa; and (ii) a disaster's intensity matters much more than its frequency, given the non-linear cumulative effects of disasters. Finally, by considering 20 climate change sce-narios and allowing for technological changes, this study facilitates a comparison of predicted future yields under climate change and no climate change scenarios. to address agricultural productivity challenges which have been aggravated by climate change, ending more than a ten-year ban on genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Deep Dive reports for these countries shed further light on these trends. %PDF-1.6 % Meteorol Appl 20:1-9 Laurent Kemoe Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. 524 0 obj <>stream 0 trailer World and Sub-Saharan Africa: Change in Temperature Relative to 1980, Celsius Sources: Harris and others (2014); and IMF staff calculations. That is the overall, Climate change affects all levels of biology and is a major threat for biodiversity. Improved systems of food production, food distribution and economic access may all contribute to food systems adapted to cope with climate change, but in adopting such changes it will be important to ensure that they contribute to sustainability. endstream endobj startxref It projects that without concrete climate and development action, just over 143 million peopleor around 2.8 percent . This paper reviews the. Such adverse climate, ABSTRACT An understanding of how local knowledge of climate change converges with science-based assessment is important to effectively support adaptation decision making. Loic S Lanci In Sub-Saharan Africa, the largest infrastructure deficit is in the power sector. Eric M. Pondi Endengle In particular, it highlights the types, categories, spatial and temporal scales of publicly available big data. The impact upon food security will be of great significance, and may be defined as being . floods. John A Spray xref This study aims to make a comprehensive. The international community can help with financial assistanceespecially for the above-mentioned social assistance and key infrastructure areascapacity development, and facilitating transfers of technology and know-how. The World Bank Group works in every major area of development. 0 Genetically engineered cowpea also known as black-eyed beans was developed to address the crops vulnerability to. We provide a wide array of financial products and technical assistance, and we help countries share and apply innovative knowledge and solutions to the challenges they face. Climate Change and Chronic Food Insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa Author/Editor: Diogo Miguel Salgado Baptista ; . -Eto&8-d1m6Oia?G:W5RZwMgs.x7G$/L^):~8IUgn6xI:l~Gn_0$4[s&]bO.)fgO{NvujZ*TZ'~w%cS IU`rG\wr.%-XVWUd5-XcQrXq]un7aVfYaVfeY,] %oW_A~ Two research, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. Whether measured in terms of generation capacity, electricity . hbbd``b`QE Vh L "D K@J4 Dlq@ A\ yH=) %JC u ` F^ w pQS90@{{f? Two possible adaptation options to climate change for Sub-Saharan Africa are analyzed under the SRES B2 scenario. Climatic conditions are changing in SSA countries and is affecting food availability, food accessibility and utilization, and the problem will be severe in the future unless the current adaptation and mitigation efforts do not improve. change and supporting Sub-Saharan Africa in creating the enabling, Margaret Karembu, the chairperson of Open Forum on Agricultural Biotechnology, Kenya, said that the decision by the Kenyan. 0000001298 00000 n 0000010248 00000 n 0000249745 00000 n *N PvYx 0 endstream endobj startxref The IMF Press Center is a password-protected site for working journalists. wQU~1-70IG2/n^57#guD$Cwax6*bGa:_X}lQ {Rx]=xtI'.JitgZjt=>>9U,9tcSK,^kUN[7%eS*q[g3xE^kr 7-ycd5r.%Xf4ZMVSlQG[3Fz0si0AC=x0eK__hZVhYYYYYY{$#a/Yz_%%%%%%/~YfhO>-|Zi?+/koBi. The conference takes place in Nairobi from 6 to 17 November. This study documents how smallholder farmers in Umguza District, Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is increasingly seen as a promising approach to feed the growing world population under climate change. New World Bank Groundswell Africa reports highlight that urgent, collective action to support green, inclusive, and resilient development could reduce the scale of climate migration by 30 % in the Lake Victoria region and as much as 60 % in West Africa. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". 0000009359 00000 n Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. +H+mqW:jRt0U3KWN[OW!Y,tU3j?WV)*7tE`mHteq#/wg}2]ej^[jUWzt{Mu=JW?q_}}?^?^>oz|X? Weather patterns are becoming less favorable in many instances, increasing the volatility of crop and livestock yields. HV0! -H+$K*X.X[C(Z!s. 0000063784 00000 n 0000064269 00000 n Rising temperatures, rising sea levels, and worsening erratic rainfall are increasing the frequency and intensity of natural disasters %%EOF View 9 excerpts, references background and results, This paper analyzes the responses enacted by families of the Central Plateau in Burkina Faso during the year that followed a severe drought in 1997. The IMF Press Center is a password-protected site for working journalists. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Fragility is linked to structural weaknesses, government failure, and lack of institutional basic functions. Climate change drives inequality and creates and prolongs poverty traps, with children and adolescents particularly exposed. 2020). Read the original article. 496 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[480 45]/Info 479 0 R/Length 91/Prev 702577/Root 481 0 R/Size 525/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream 0000009469 00000 n 31 32 Filiz D Unsal, Free Download. Climate zones of Africa, showing the ecological break between the Sahara Desert (red), the hot semi-arid climate of the Sahel (orange) and the tropical climate of Central and Western Africa (blue). Cedric Okou The study was carried out to identify content areas of climate change for integration into the senior secondary school agricultural science curriculum in countries such as Nigeria. Environment Key findings include (1) Fiscal policies focused on social assistance and efficient public infrastructure investment can improve poorer households access to affordable food, facilitate expansion of climate-resilient and green agricultural production, and support quicker recovery from adverse climate events; (2) Improving access to finance is key to stepping up private investment in agricultural resilience and productivity as well as improving the earning capacity and food purchasing power of poorer rural and urban households; and (3) Greater regional trade integration, complemented with resilient transport infrastructure, enables sales of one countrys bumper harvests to its neighbors facing shortages. The impacts of climate change could be felt most immensely by those living in fragile and conflict-affected settings in SSA. Estimates reveal that by 2030, up to 118 million extremely poor people on the continent will be exposed to drought, floods and extreme heat, which will hinder progress towards poverty alleviation and growth. This study addresses this issue, ABSTRACT Climate change disproportionately affects livelihoods of poor and vulnerable people. 0000003812 00000 n 0000007278 00000 n Sub-Saharan Africa faces unprecedented disasters, with climate change expected to exacerbate the frequency and severity of unpredictable and stressful catastrophic events. 0000002439 00000 n The article is divided into six further sections. Niger will see the highest numbers of internal climate migrants, followed by Nigeria, but smaller countries like Senegal and Benin will have a larger share of internal climate migrants in the next few decades. The Groundswell Africa series is a sequel to the 2018 Groundswell report and complements the recently released Groundswell II report by providing in-depth analysis on potential scale and spread of internal climate migration in West African and the Lake Victoria Basin, with country level analysis for Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania, and Uganda to better inform policy dialogue and action. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Many climate models predict negative impacts of climate change on agricultural production and food security in large parts of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).3 Higher temperatures, the drying Mean annual temperature for South Africa as a whole is 17.5, with average monthly temperatures ranging between 22C (December, January) and 11C (June, July). In Sub-Saharan Africa, the expectation is that climate change will have an especially negative impact, not only a result of projected warming and rainfall deficits, but also because of the vulnerability of the population. In sub-Saharan Africa, the impacts of the climate crisis are felt by society's most marginalized people, where environmental destruction exacerbates economic and social inequalities already present in the region. HTn@>&R]/#X The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Like most websites we use cookies. The ODI research series for financial development in Africa - Policy Brief 3 5 1 Introduction Sub-Saharan Africa is the world's most vulnerable region to climate change. Download Report (PDF | 2.44 MB | English version); For Sub-Saharan Africa, 2015 is a turning point. 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